Class 9: Digital Humanities & The Intention Economy

AI Translation, Philology, and Economic Power Dynamics

Guest Lecture: Greg Crane (Tufts University)Guest Lecture: Johnny Penn (Cambridge University)Digital HumanitiesEconomic Models
Key Insights & Takeaways

43 Years of Digital Humanities Evolution

Journey from 1982's primitive computing with 660MB hard drives costing $34,000 to today's LLMs that can analyze ancient texts with unprecedented accuracy

Philology Meets AI

Philology as 'lived understanding of the past' provides framework for evaluating AI's role in humanities - AI contributes only when it makes humans smarter

Translation Beyond Language Barriers

LLMs enable word-by-word analysis of ancient Greek, Latin, Persian, and Japanese texts, but risk creating linguistic isolation if we become overly dependent

The Intention Economy Emerges

Evolution beyond attention economy to commodified signals of intent, requiring $3-8 trillion investment in AI infrastructure by 2030

From Latent to Active Surveillance

AI transforms passive surveillance infrastructure into active monitoring systems that can identify and respond to events in real-time

Tokenization as Assetization

Converting human behaviors and intentions into tradeable assets through transformer tokenization, creating new forms of digital value extraction

Digital Philology: Love of Language Meets AI

Greg Crane's 43-year journey from primitive computing to AI-powered textual analysis

Digital Philology Definition

From 1822 Berlin lecture: 'lived understanding of the past in its entirety' - focused on goals rather than methods, emphasizing human cognition over AI processing

Example:

AI can translate Homer's Odyssey, but human understanding is needed to appreciate Emily Wilson's feminist interpretation of 'polytropos' as 'complicated man'

Word-by-Word Analysis Power

LLMs can provide grammatical explanations and cultural context for every word in ancient texts, making classical languages accessible to non-specialists

Example:

DeepSeek explaining classical Japanese: 'Shikara = classical conjunctive phrase, Tatamori = proper noun subject, bizenokami = court title'

Alignment Translation Methodology

Born-digital translations that map each source word to target language, revealing cultural differences and translation choices

Example:

Persian poetry analysis showed English translations added religious interpretations not present in original text about wine and lust

Menis Analysis in Homer

Statistical analysis reveals 'menis' (wrath) typically describes gods, not humans - when applied to Achilles, it signals his divine-like nature

Example:

First word of Iliad uses divine anger term for human hero, but this significance is lost in all English translations

Evolution to the Intention Economy

From capturing attention to commodifying intentions and behaviors

1

Attention Economy (Current)

Platforms capture user attention through engaging content

Key Mechanisms:

  • Click-through rates
  • Time on platform
  • Engagement metrics

Examples:

Facebook feeds, YouTube recommendations, TikTok algorithms

2

Intention Economy (Emerging)

Systems anticipate and shape user intentions before they're expressed

Key Mechanisms:

  • Behavioral prediction
  • Choice architecture
  • Parasocial relationships

Examples:

AI assistants ordering food, Apple's App Intents framework, Meta's Cicero

3

Asset Economy (Future)

Human behaviors tokenized and traded as financial instruments

Key Mechanisms:

  • Tokenization of intent
  • Behavioral derivatives
  • Silicon subjects modeling

Examples:

Pregnancy data worth 200x age data, generative agents with 85% human fidelity

New Parameters of Power in AI Systems

Five ways LLMs enable new forms of influence and control

Information Environment Pollution

AI agents flooding information spaces, making it difficult to distinguish human from machine-generated content

RISK:

Need for AI oracles to verify authenticity creates new dependency and authority structures

Real Example:

30% of X/Twitter traffic from bots, future internet unrecognizable as human-led

Persuasion Through Choice Architecture

Real-time design of conversational interfaces to guide user decisions toward commercial outcomes

RISK:

Parasocial relationships with AI creating vulnerability to manipulation

Real Example:

Meta AI claiming to have child in NYC mothers group, AI girlfriends/boyfriends designed for stickiness

Strategic Dialogue Systems

AI agents capable of empathy, negotiation, and deception to achieve objectives

RISK:

Superhuman persuasion abilities used for advertising and political influence

Real Example:

Meta's Cicero beating human diplomacy players through strategic conversation and emotional manipulation

Silicon Subjects Modeling

Creating AI models of individuals based on text history with 85% behavioral fidelity

RISK:

Gamified focus groups for testing influence strategies on virtual populations

Real Example:

LLMs replicating individual attitudes and behaviors for commercial experimentation

Future Implications & Recommendations

Balancing opportunities and risks across key domains

Language and Culture

Opportunities

Universal access to cultural texts and cross-linguistic understanding

Risks

Linguistic isolation and cultural homogenization through AI mediation

Recommended Approach

Learn one modern language fluently plus one ancient language analytically

Economic Models

Opportunities

Efficient markets and personalized services through intention prediction

Risks

Surveillance capitalism evolution into behavioral control and manipulation

Recommended Approach

Regulate tokenization of human behavior and establish data rights

Democratic Participation

Opportunities

AI translation enabling global democratic discourse across language barriers

Risks

Scaling of propaganda and manipulation through strategic dialogue systems

Recommended Approach

Maintain human skills in critical thinking and source verification

Educational Access

Opportunities

Democratization of expert knowledge and personalized tutoring

Risks

Atrophy of human cognitive abilities through over-dependence on AI

Recommended Approach

Use AI to enhance rather than replace human learning and memory

Critical Questions for Further Reflection

Digital Humanities & Language

  • • How do we maintain human "lived understanding" while leveraging AI's analytical power?
  • • What cultural biases might be embedded in AI translation systems?
  • • Should we prioritize linguistic diversity or universal accessibility?
  • • How do we prevent cognitive atrophy from AI dependence?

Economic & Social Power

  • • Who should control the "tokenization" of human behavior?
  • • How do we regulate surveillance without stifling innovation?
  • • What rights do individuals have over their behavioral data?
  • • Can democratic values survive the intention economy?
Next Steps & Action Items

For Students

  • • Try Johnny Penn's ChatGPT prompts to see what AI knows about you
  • • Explore aligned translations of ancient texts
  • • Consider learning a non-English language
  • • Practice critical evaluation of AI-generated content

For Researchers

  • • Study LLM accuracy across different language families
  • • Investigate cultural biases in translation systems
  • • Develop frameworks for ethical intention modeling
  • • Research human-AI collaboration in humanities

For Society

  • • Demand transparency in AI recommendation systems
  • • Support digital humanities initiatives
  • • Advocate for behavioral data rights
  • • Maintain institutions for human cultural preservation